PLANNING TO REMEDY FOR THE OBSTACLES IN URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR

HARCHARAN SINGH, MANMOHAN SINGH

Now the days the continue migration of peoples from rural to urban for better facilities and increase in the industrialisation in the periphery of the urban areas and specially near to NCR (National Capital Region) is increased day by day. So it is very difficult for the main urban centres to provide any employment opportunities to all the migrants. So in this case, the migrants have only few opportunities are left and the settlement of the informal sector is one of the main occupation, which can be easily adopt by the migrants or workforces mainly. In this informal sector, the workforce mainly works as a hawker or vendor by which they sell their goods as stationary hawker or mobile hawker in the city. Now the hawking or informal sector or street vending is an important source of livelihood for nearly 2.5% of Indian population.

Urban informal sector in India not have any secure income or high wages. In India, the most of the cities administration take the urban informal sector as illegal vending activities or assumed to be an illegal encroachment of government land or open spaces along the roadside and on the pedestrian paths. Mainly the peoples or workforce related to the informal sector create nuisance by their daily activities like as encroachment of the parking areas in front of the commercial areas, institutional areas and industrial areas. To solve these type of problems of the informal sector and the other peoples of the community, India government prepared a Street vendor act 2014 mainly for the welfare of the hawkers.

Mainly in the small towns and cities, the hawkers mainly covers or encroached the area near Bus Stand, Railway stations, Main Sub Arterial roadside area and along the collector roads which create hindrances in the traffic movement, pedestrian movement of the city or town because in the small cities and towns, it does not have any separate pedestrian path for the pedestrian movement of the peoples, so they use to walk along the road side areas or along the carriage way by using a small path but due to the nuisance of the hawkers, they cover all this type of space by doing their vending activities.

So there is an important need to take remedies for these types of obstacles created by urban informal sector. In this paper, it mainly studies to find out the solution by choosing some critical sites of a city.

DESIGN FOR HOLY PLACE FOR KEEPING NON-CREMATION BODY OF BUDDHIST MONKS: CASES FROM THAILAND

PATHUM SOOKAROMDEE, VIROJ WIWANITKIT

Architectural design of the holy place is an interesting issue. How to design a good holy site is usually a big question. Here, the authors present and discuss on the cases from Thailand on design for holy place for keeping non-cremation body of Buddhist monks

International Journal of Architectural Design and Infrastructure Planning [ISSN: 2581-5342 (online)]

PLANNING TO REMEDY FOR THE OBSTACLES IN URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR

DESIGN FOR HOLY PLACE FOR KEEPING NON-CREMATION BODY OF BUDDHIST MONKS: CASES FROM THAILAND